Sensor technology refers to the science of developing and using devices that can detect and respond to physical stimuli from the environment, such as light, heat, motion, and pressure. Sensors are used in applications ranging from consumer electronics and industrial automation to healthcare and transportation. Sensors measure and quantify the world around them by converting physical parameters into electrical signals, enabling informed decision-making and control systems. There are many types of sensors, each designed to detect different physical phenomena, each with its own unique strengths and weaknesses.